Graphic designers use color, illustrations, fonts, and layout to visually communicate a message or present a product. They design logos, product packaging, print materials, and websites, among many other things. Graphic designers are found in a variety of industries and in different capacities. For instance, a designer might be employed as in-house staff for a company to work on promotional materials for the organization, or a designer might work for a design agency with many clients and projects. Newspapers, advertising firms, technology-oriented companies, and other organizations commonly employ designers. Additionally, many graphic designers are self-employed, working as independent contractors on a per-project basis.Most work in an office environment in front of a computer, though some work primarily by hand at a drafting table. Because graphic design often is deadline-driven, designers frequently work long hours. Most graphic designers specialize in one or two areas, such as print, web design, poster design, or corporate identity. Graphic designers are not always required to have completed any specific education, though it is common for designers to hold degrees from an art school or other undergraduate institution. They must have knowledge of design elements, such as color, typography, and composition, as well as the artistic sensibility to effectively use these elements. Graphic designers need excellent communication skills and be able to effectively present ideas visually and verbally to internal stakeholders, clients, and intended audiences. Since most graphic design is created using software such as Adobe Illustrator and InDesign, graphic designers must possess technical skills.